چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های موجود در نظام آموزشی از دیدگاه معلمان مقطع ابتدایی شهر مرودشت در دوران همه‌گیری بیماری کووید-19 (پژوهشی آمیخته)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه فرهنگیان

2 کارشناس ارشد فلسفۀ تعلیم و تربیت، دانشکدۀ علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران.

3 کارشناسی آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دبیر آموزش و پرورش زرقان، زرقان، ایران

4 دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی تربیتی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های موجود در نظام آموزشی از دیدگاه معلمان مقطع ابتدایی شهر مرودشت (استان فارس) در سال تحصیلی 1400-1399 و در دوران همه‌گیری کووید-19 انجام شد. روش پژوهش آمیختۀ متوالی ناهمزمان اکتشافی (کیفی- کمّی) بود. از طریق مصاحبه با 10 معلم باتجربه (5 زن و 5 مرد) که از طریق نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شده بودند و توزیع پرسش‌نامه بین 135 نفر از معلمان مقطع ابتدایی (85 زن و 50 مرد)، اطلاعات و داده‌های کیفی و کمّی جمع‌آوری شد. شیوۀ جمع‌آوری و تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها در بخش کیفی با استفاده از روش کدگذاری اشتروس و کوربین، شامل سه مرحله (باز، محوری و انتخابی) انجام شد. در بخش کمّی نیز پس از گردآوری داده‌ها با پرسش‌نامه محقق‌ساخته که از طریق نتایج مصاحبه اولیه، ساخته و روایی محتوایی و پایایی آن به تأیید رسیده بود، با روش آمار توصیفی (درصد و فراوانی) تحلیل داده­ ها انجام شد. بر اساس نتایج در بخش کیفی، چالش­ ها و فرصت­ های موجود در نظام آموزشی در سه سطح کلان، میانی و خُرد مطرح و طبقه‌بندی شدند. همچنین از نظر مشارکت‌کنندگان، شیوع کرونا فرصت­ هایی را در سطح کلان، میانی و خُرد به دنبال داشته است. نتایج در بخش کمّی نشان داد که در تمام گویه‌ها، درصد بالای توافق به گزینه‌های کاملاً موافق و موافق اختصاص دارد و این نشان می‌دهد که معلمان در بخش کمّی با دیدگاه مشارکت‌کنندگان در بخش کیفی هم‌نظر هستند و آنان هم موارد مذکور را به‌عنوان چالش‌ها و فرصت‌های مطرح شده قبول دارند.

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