طراحی و اعتباریابی الگوی آموزش با هوش مصنوعی در نظام آموزش عالی- رویکرد ترکیبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه حکمرانی آموزشی و سرمایه انسانی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،تهران، ایران.

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی واعتباریابی الگوی آموزش مبتنی بر هوش مصنوعی در نظام آموزش عالی ایران با رویکرد ترکیبی انجام شد. در بخش کیفی با روش مطالعه موردی، دیدگاه‌های اعضای هیأت علمی و صاحب‌نظران آشنا با هوش مصنوعی که به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند (گروه بارز) انتخاب شدند، از طریق مصاحبه نیمه‌ساختاریافته عمیق تا رسیدن به اشباع نظری گردآوری و با روش تحلیل مضمون و نرم‌افزار NVivo کدگذاری و تحلیل شد. در بخش کمی، پرسشنامه محقق‌ساخته بر اساس یافته‌های کیفی طراحی گردید. جامعه آماری شامل اعضای هیأت علمی ۲۰ دانشگاه برتر دولتی و آزاد ایران در سال تحصیلی ۱۴۰۵-۱۴۰۴ بود که از میان آنها ۲۸ نفر با سابقه فعالیت در حوزه هوش مصنوعی به روش نمونه‌گیری گروه بارز برای اعتباریابی انتخاب شدند. روایی پرسشنامه با تحلیل گویه(ضریب همبستگی ۶۵/۰) و پایایی با آلفای کرونباخ (۹۱/۰) تأیید شد. برای اعتباریابی مدل از شاخص‌های نسبت روایی محتوایی(CVR) و شاخص روایی محتوایی (CVI) استفاده گردید. یافته‌های کیفی منجر به شناسایی سه مؤلفه اصلی پیشایندها (شامل ویژگی‌های دانشی، مهارتی و نگرشی اعضای هیأت علمی و دانشجویان و ویژگی‌های زیرساختی دانشگاه)، فرایندها(شامل فعالیت‌های پیش، حین و پس از تدریس)و پیامدها(شامل پیامدهای تحصیلی و روان‌شناختی) شد.در اعتباریابی کمی، بر اساس مقادیر CVR و CVI، گویه‌های فاقد اعتبار حذف و برخی بازنویسی شدند. الگوی نهایی که دربرگیرنده تعامل پویای این مؤلفه‌هاست، از اعتبار نظری و تجربی کافی برخوردار بوده و می‌تواند به‌عنوان چارچوبی جامع برای سیاست‌گذاری، برنامه‌ریزی درسی و توانمندسازی اساتید در جهت ادغام مسئولانه و مؤثر هوش مصنوعی در آموزش عالی ایران مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

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